The experience in 12 CNC Machining of necessary manual sums up the engineer

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Dispatch of net of machine tool of Chinese numerical control: The complexity as a result of CNC Machining (be like different machine tool, different material, different cutting tool, different cutting kind, different parameter set is waited a moment) , decided from be engaged in CNC Machining (no matter be treatment or process designing) to reach certain level, must compare long time through a paragraph, this manual is the engineer is in what summary comes out in process of long-term and actual production, the come or flow together of a few experience of the respect such as the monitoring in process of the choice of parameter of craft of concerned CNC Machining, working procedure, commonly used cutting tool, treatment, can consult for everybody. One, ask: How to undertake differentiating to machining working procedure? Answer: Of CNC Machining working procedure differentiate to be able to undertake by following method commonly: (1) law of foreword of cent of cutting tool concentration presses place to differentiate with cutting tool namely working procedure, with same machine cutting tool all can finish place on the spare parts. Using have a smattering of a subject, the 3rd finishs the other place that they can finish. Can reduce the number that change a knife so, reduce time of light locomotive trip, reduce needless fixed position error. (2) in order to machine the spare parts with very much to machining content law of place cent foreword, can press its structure characteristic to will machine a part to be divided into a few parts, be like inside form, appearance, curved surface or plane. Machine face of planar, fixed position first commonly, aperture is machined after; Process simple geometrical form first, the geometrical form with complex rework; Machine the place with inferior precision first, the position with rework precision higher demand. (3) with thick, finish machining the law that divide order machines metabolic spare parts to easy happening, be out of shape as a result of what the likelihood after rough machining happens and need to have school look, reason altogethers generally speaking want those who have thick, precision work to want to part working procedure. The place on put together is narrated, differentiating when working procedure, must inspect the structure of the spare parts and craft sex, the function of the machine tool, how many of content of spare parts CNC Machining, installation frequency reachs this unit to produce constituent state to master neatly. The principle that other proposal uses working procedure to center still uses the principle with dispersive working procedure, want to decide according to actual condition, but certain do one's best is reasonable. 2, ask: Is treatment sequential what principle should arrangement follow? Answer: Treatment is sequential arrangement should be mixed according to the structure of the spare parts semifinished product state, and the need of fixed position clamp will consider, the tigidity that is workpiece mainly is not destroyed. Order should press following principle to undertake commonly: (The treatment of working procedure of the line on 1) cannot affect the fixed position of next line working procedure and clamp, intermediate thrust deep into the enemy forces has what general purpose machine tool machines working procedure to also want integrated consideration. (2) processes order into lumen of the form inside travel first, junior travel appearance machines working procedure. (3) with same fixed position, clamp means or same best join has the process that machines the knife, repeat fixed position time in order to decrease, change knife frequency and time of move pressing plate. (4) is in same the much talk process that has in second installation, ying Xianan discharges pair of workpiece tigidity to destroy small process. 3, ask: Does workpiece outfit place means to that a few respects should note surely really? Answer: Locating certainly fiducial with clamp should notice when plan following at 3 o'clock: (1) fiducial and as design of do one's best, craft, unified as process designing calculative. (2) reduce the number that hold clip as far as possible, accomplish as far as possible can machine an entire work surface after locating. (3) avoid to use occupy machine is artificial adjust plan. (4) clamping apparatus should open free, orgnaization of its fixed position, clamp cannot affect treatment to take a knife mediumly (if produce collision) , when encountering this kind of situation, can use the kind that use vice or imposes motherboard to smoke screw to hold clip. 4, ask: How to compare to knife dot certainly reasonable? What concern do workpiece coordinate department and department of process designing coordinate have? 1. To the knife the dot can be set in be machined of the spare parts on, but the attention must be fiducial to knife dot or already the place that finish machining crosses, be opposite after the first working procedure sometimes knife dot is machined to destroy, can bring about the 2nd working procedure and pair of knife spot not be in a position later to search, because this is in,the first working procedure wants to be in to the attention when the knife as fiducial as fixed position the place that has concern of relatively fixed measurement establishs to be opposite relatively knife position, so OK according to the relative position between them the relation searchs to be nodded to the knife formerly. This is set on machine tool workbench or clamping apparatus normally to knife position relatively. Its choose a principle to be as follows: 1) search easy. 2) process designing is convenient. 3) small to knife error. 4) the examination when treatment is convenient. 2.

The origin seat that workpiece coordinate fastens is by him handlers of set, it ends in workpiece outfit clip hind, through deciding to the knife, what it mirrors is workpiece and machine tool zero distance position affects. Once workpiece coordinate department is secured, do not make a change commonly. Workpiece coordinate department and department of process designing coordinate are both must unite, when be being machined namely, workpiece coordinate department and department of process designing coordinate are consistent. 5, ask: How to choose cutter track route? Course taking a knife is the cutting tool in pointing to CNC Machining process opposite at be being added the athletic contrail of workpiece is mixed direction. The logical choice that machines a course is very important, because the treatment precision of it and spare parts and exterior quality are fine relevant however. Is taking cutter track line certainly main consideration a few following: ? ? ) the treatment precision requirement that assures a spare parts. 2) convenient and numeric computation, reduce process designing workload. 3) seek course of the shortest treatment, reduce empty knife time to machine efficiency in order to rise. 4) reduce block number as far as possible. 5) the requirement of the surface roughness after making sure workpiece outline surface is machined, final outline should be arranged last walk along a knife to be machined continuously. 6) the knife of advance and retreat of cutting tool (cut with cut) the course also should consider seriously, stop a knife with decreasing to be in in outline as far as possible (abrupt change creates cutting force flexibility is out of shape) and leave knife mark, also should avoid perpendicular on outline face leave a sword and cut workpiece. 6, ask: The monitoring in how machining a process and adjust? Workpiece is searching to reaching a program to debug after finishing, with respect to phase of accessibility automatic treatment. In machining a process automatically, handlers should undertake monitoring to the process of cutting, it is normal to prevent occurrence blame cutting causes workpiece quality problem and other accident. Undertake to cutting process monitoring basically considers the following aspects: 1. Machining what process monitoring rough machining basically considers is the fast excision of the redundant surplus of workpiece surface. The process is machined automatically in the machine tool in, according to the cutting dosage of set, cutting tool presses booked cutting contrail automatic cutting. The case of cutting bear change that right now handlers should note to through cutting bear the watch observes automatic treatment process is medium, according to cutting tool bear strength condition, adjust cutting dosage, develop the biggest efficiency of the machine tool. 2. Monitoring of audio of the cutting in cutting process is in automatic cutting process, when beginning cutting commonly, the sound of workpiece of cutting tool cutting is stable, successive, light, right now the motion of the machine tool is smooth. As cutting process undertake, there should be hard particle on workpiece or after cutting tool wears away or cutting tool sends the reason such as clip, cutting process appears to be not stabilized, not steady performance is cutting sound happening changes, mutual clash can appear between cutting tool and workpiece, the machine tool can appear shake. Answer to adjust cutting dosage and cutting requirement in time right now, should adjust when the effect is not apparent, should suspend a machine tool, inspect cutting tool and workpiece condition. 3. Finish machining of monitoring of finish machining process, basically be the treatment dimension that assures workpiece and treatment surface quality, cutting rate is higher, feed is bigger. Should emphasize an attention to accumulate the bits tumour influence to machining the surface right now, to model antrum treatment, still should notice corner is in treatment to be cut too with let a knife. To the settlement of afore-mentioned problems, it is to should notice the gush that adjusts cutting fluid drenchs the position, let machine exterior hour to be in optimal] cooling condition; 2 it is to should notice those who observe work to already machined face quality, through adjusting cutting dosage, avoid the change of quality as far as possible. If adjust,still do not have apparent effect, should stop original order of engine procuratorial work to be made up whether reasonably. Of special attention is, when time-out is checked or stopping machine examination, want to note the position of cutting tool. Stop in cutting process like cutting tool machine, abrupt main shaft stops turn, can make workpiece surface produces knife trace. When answering to leave cutting position in cutting tool commonly, the consideration stops machine. (4) very old rate decided the quality of cutting tool of cutting tool monitoring the treatment quality of workpiece. In machining cutting process automatically, what the method such as analysis of surface of examination of the time-out in wanting to pass course of control of time of sound monitoring, cutting, cutting, workpiece judges cutting tool is normal wear away state and blame are normal damaged state. Want to ask according to treatment, handle in time to cutting tool, prevent to produce the treatment quality problem that be handled not in time and produces by cutting tool. 7. Ask: How does logical choice machine cutting tool? Element of a few gist does cutting dosage have? The cutting tool of a few kinds of materials is there? How to determine breadth of speed of the rotate speed of cutting tool, cutting, cutting? 1. Should choose when planar milling do not grind hard alloy to carry milling cutter again or establish milling cutter. When general milling, use treatment taking a knife 2 times as far as possible, walk along a knife to had better use thick mill of upright milling cutter for the first time, edge workpiece surface takes a knife continuously. Walk along knife width to recommend to 60% what be cutting tool diameter every time- - 75% . 2. Establish milling cutter and the Duan Xi knife that set hard alloy bit to basically be used at machining protruding stage, groove and box mouth face. 3. Ball knife, round knife (also call a circle nose knife) commonly used at treatment curved surface is mixed change appearance of bevel angle outline. And ball knife is multi-purpose at semifinishing machining and finish machining. The round knife that sets hard alloy cutting tool is multi-purpose at leaving thick. 8, ask: What effect does machine program sheet have? What content should include in machine program sheet? Answer: (one) one of content that machine program sheet is design of CNC Machining technology, also be to need handlers to abide by, executive regulations, it is the specific specification of machine program, the purpose is the problem that the cutting tool that the content that lets handlers make clear a program, outfit is placed and each orientation way, machine program choose should note already. (2) in machine program sheet, should include: Plot and name of process designing file, work name, act clip sketch, program name, the biggest deepness of the cutting tool that every program place uses, cutting, processability is qualitative (be like rough machining or finish machining) , academic handling time. 9, ask: Should be He Zhun done to have before numerical control process designing? Answer: After machining craft certainly, want to understand before process designing: 1, workpiece outfit places means; 2, the size of workpiece wool embryo----The limits that so that decide,machines or whether to need for many times to hold clip; 3, the material of workpiece----Why to so that choose to machine place to use,plant cutting tool; 4, what does the cutting tool of inventory have----Avoid to because want to modify a program without this cutting tool,be in when treatment, if must be used,come here cutting tool, can prepare ahead of schedule. 10, ask: What principle does the set of safe in process designing height have? Answer: The set principle of safe height: Pass the top range of islands high commonly. Perhaps set process designing in top range at 0 o'clock, such OK also the risk that utmost avoids to bump into a knife. 11, ask: Cutting tool method is made up after coming out, why to undertake an aftertreatment even? Answer: The address code that can know because of different machine tool and NC block format is different, the machine tool that should use in the light of place so chooses correct aftertreatment format ability to assure to make up assuring program can move. 12, ask: What is DNC communication? Answer: The kind that the program carries can be divided for CNC and DNC two kinds, CNC is to show the program passes medium medium (be like floppy disk, tape reader, communication line) the memory memory that carries a machine tool rises, from memory v program undertakes machining when treatment. Because the capacity of memory accepts the restriction of size, can use DNC means to undertake machining when the order is large so, because DNC adds labour opportunity bed to be read from control computer directly,take a course (also be the edge sends an edge to do namely) , the capacity that does not get memory so accepts the restriction of size. (2) cutting dosage has 3 gist element: Rotate speed of cutting deepness, main shaft and feed speed. The choice of cutting dosage is overall the principle is: Little cutting, speed gives (namely cutting deepness is small, feed speed fast) . (3) classify by material, general component is cutting tool knife of common horniness white steel (material is high-speed steel) , coating cutting tool (the) such as the titanium that be like plating, alloy cutting tool (if wolfram steel, nitrogen turns boracic cutting tool,wait for) . (original title: The experience summary engineer in 12 CNC Machining is necessary manual! ) CNC Milling CNC Machining